Heres a list of important skeletal system root words and combining forms.
\n| Root Word | \nWhat It Means | \n
|---|---|
| Kyph/o | \nHumpback (posterior curvature of thoracic spine) | \n
| Lamin/o | \nLamina (part of the vertebral arch) | \n
| Lord/o | \nCurve or swayback (lordosis: anterior curvature in\nlumbar spine) | \n
| Lumb/o | \nLower back, lumbar region | \n
| Myel/o | \nBone marrow | \n
| Oste/o | \nBone | \n
| Orth/o | \nStraight | \n
| Scoli/o | \nCrooked, bent (scoliosis: lateral curvature of\nspine) | \n
| Spondyl/o | \nVertebra (referring to conditions of the structure) | \n
| Vertebr/o | \nVertebra (referring to or describing the structure) | \n
Familiarize yourself with this list of the combining forms used with bones.
\n| Combining Form | \nExample | \nWhat It Means | \n
|---|---|---|
| Acetabul/o | \nAcetabulum | \nHip joint | \n
| Calcane/o | \nCancaneus | \nHeel | \n
| Carp/o | \nCarpals | \nWrist bones | \n
| Clavic/o, clavicul/o | \nClavicle | \nCollar bone | \n
| Cost/o | \nCostal | \nRibs | \n
| Crani/o | \nCranium | \nSkull | \n
| Femor/o | \nFemur | \nUpper leg bone | \n
| Fibul/o | \nFibula | \nLower leg bone | \n
| Humer/o | \nHumerus | \nUpper arm bone | \n
| Ili/o | \nIlium | \nPelvic bone | \n
| Ischi/o | \nIschium | \nPelvic bone | \n
| Lumb/o | \nSpine | \nLumbar region | \n
| Malleol/o | \nMalleolus | \nAnkle | \n
| Mandibul/o | \nMandible | \nLower jaw | \n
| Maxill/o | \nMaxilla | \nUpper jaw | \n
| Metacarp/o | \nMetacarpals | \nBones of hand | \n
| Metatars/o | \nMetatarsals | \nBones of foot | \n
| Olecran/o | \nOlecranon | \nElbow | \n
| Patell/o | \nPatella | \nKnee cap | \n
| Phalang/o | \nPhalanges | \nBones of fingers and toes | \n
| Pub/o | \nPubis | \nPortion of pelvic bone | \n
| Radi/o | \nRadius | \nLower arm bone | \n
| Sacr/o | \nSacrum | \nSacral area of spine | \n
| Scapul/o | \nScapula | \nShoulder blade | \n
| Stern/o | \nSternum | \nBreastbone | \n
| Tars/o | \nTarsals | \nAnkle bones | \n
| Tibi/o | \nTibia | \nLower leg bone | \n
| Uln/o | \nUlna | \nLower arm bone | \n
Now, check out this list of the combining forms used with joints.
\n| Combining Form | \nWhat It Means | \n
|---|---|
| Arthr/o | \nJoint | \n
| Articul/o | \nJoint | \n
| Burs/o | \nBursa | \n
| Chondr/o | \nCartilage | \n
| Disk/o | \nIntervertebral disk | \n
| Fibros/o | \nFibrous | \n
| Menisc/o | \nMeniscus | \n
| Synovi/o | \nSynovium | \n
| Ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o | \nTendon | \n
Beverley Henderson, CMT-R, HRT has more than 40 years of experience in medical terminology and transcription as both an educator and manager. Foot movement in which the bottom of the foot is turned laterally, away from the midline. The human body is comprised of a series of complex systems, including the skeletal system, the respiratory and digestive systems, as well as the intricate networks of blood and lymph vessels, all controlled by the brain and nervous system. All Rights Reserved. The broken ends no longer line up with each other. It also protects the spinal cord, which passes down the back through openings in the vertebrae. The skeletal system forms the framework of the body. Crepitation or crepitus is the creaking or popping sound that is heard when fractured bones move against each other. Moving the limb or hand laterally away from the body, or spreading the fingers or toes. Developmental anomalies, pathological changes, or obesity can enhance the normal vertebral column curves, resulting in the development of abnormal or excessive curvatures (see Figure 6.10). an opening in a bone for passage of nerves and/or blood vessels. includes all bones of the upper and lower limbs, plus the bones that attach each limb to the axial skeleton. Chiropractors are required to have a Doctor of Chiropractic (D.C.) degree, which is a 4-year postgraduate professional degree, and a state license. To learn more, read the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes myasthenia gravis fact sheet. The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body and includes all bones of the head, neck, chest, and back (see Figure 6.1). bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal maxillary mandibular zygomatic vomer sinus skull vertebral column spinal intervertebral cervical vertebrae thora the largest tarsal bone; forms the human heel, a white metallic element that burns with a brilliant light, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast, having an open or latticed or porous structure, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity, tough elastic tissue, mostly converted to bone in adults, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular, a space that is enclosed or surrounded by something, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal maxillary mandibular zygomatic vomer sinus skull vertebral column spinal intervertebral, the end of the vertebral column in humans and tailless apes, a line of units following one after another, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal maxillary mandibular zygomatic vomer sinus skull vertebral, reduce to small pieces or particles by pounding or abrading, a whole formed by a union of two or more elements or parts, a round bump on a bone where it forms a joint with another bone, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid, situated farthest from point of attachment or origin, as of a limb or bone, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid, the outermost or farthest region or point, of or relating to or near the femur or thigh, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter, the outer and thinner of the two bones of the human leg between the knee and ankle, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen, a membrane-covered gap between bones in an infant's skull, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture, a natural opening or perforation through a bone or a membranous structure, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle, bone extending from the shoulder to the elbow, the upper and widest of the three bones making up the hipbone, pertaining to the space between two vertebrae, junction by which parts or objects are linked together, a thin plate or layer (especially of bone or mineral), any localized abnormal structural change in a bodily part, a band of fibrous tissue connecting bones or cartilages, of or relating to or near the part of the back between the ribs and the hipbones, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal maxillary, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal, relating to or situated in or extending toward the middle, containing or consisting of or resembling bone marrow, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian, the growing part of a long bone between the diaphysis and the epiphysis, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal, animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal, process of the ulna that forms the outer bump of the elbow, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist, cell that functions in the breakdown and resorption of bone tissue, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast, abnormal softening of bones caused by deficiencies of phosphorus or calcium or vitamin D, abnormal loss of bony tissue due to a lack of calcium, of or relating to or associated with the parietal bones in the cranium, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal, a small flat triangular bone in front of the knee, the structure of the skeleton supporting the lower limbs, a dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles; contains nerves and blood vessels that nourish the enclosed bone, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis, situated nearest to point of attachment or origin, a straight line from the center to the perimeter of a circle, a physician specializing in rheumatic diseases, any of the 12 pairs of curved arches of bone extending from the spine to or toward the sternum in humans (and similar bones in most vertebrates), childhood disease caused by deficiency of vitamin D, flat triangular bone on the side of the shoulder in humans, any of several small round bones formed in a tendon where it passes over a joint, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium, an abnormal passage leading from a suppurating cavity to the body surface, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure, the bony skeleton of the head of vertebrates, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal maxillary mandibular zygomatic vomer sinus, butterfly-shaped bone at the base of the skull, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital, of or relating to the spine or spinal cord, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal maxillary mandibular zygomatic vomer sinus skull vertebral column, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus, a growing together of parts or structures, congenital deformity of the foot usually marked by a curled shape or twisted position of the ankle and heel and toes, the bone in the ankle that articulates with the leg bones to form the ankle joint, of or relating to or near the tarsus of the foot, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal, a band of tissue connecting a muscle to its bony attachment, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal maxillary mandibular zygomatic vomer sinus skull vertebral column spinal intervertebral cervical vertebrae, the body of an arthropod between the head and the abdomen, the inner and thicker of the two bones of the human leg between the knee and ankle, extending or lying across, in a crosswise direction, one of the bony prominences developed near the upper extremity of the femur to which muscles are attached, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular, small rounded wartlike protuberance on a plant, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral, a protuberance on a bone especially for attachment of a muscle or ligament, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle, the inner and longer of the two bones of the human forearm, one of the bony segments of the spinal column, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal maxillary mandibular zygomatic vomer sinus skull vertebral column spinal intervertebral cervical, of or relating to or constituting vertebrae, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal maxillary mandibular zygomatic vomer sinus skull, the series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord, thin trapezoidal bone of the skull forming the posterior and inferior parts of the nasal septum, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal maxillary mandibular zygomatic, of or relating to the cheek region of the face, bone joint muscle orthodedist rheumatologist osteoblast osteoclast calcium sesamoid diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal metaphysis periosteum articular cartilage cortical haversian medullary cavity cancellous spongy tra becular trochanter femoral tubercle tuberosity condyle fossa foramen fissure sinus suture fontanelle frontal parietal temporal occipital sphenoid ethmoid nasal lacrimal maxillary mandibular, Created on November 30, 2009 That is heard when fractured bones move against each other winners in the makes. 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